تاثیر استفاده از دو نوع ماسک مختلف بر توان هوازی و بی هوازی پسران نوجوان ورزشکار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزشی و دبیر تربیت بدنی استان کردستان

2 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزشی و دبیر تربیت بدنی استان همدان

چکیده

پیشینه و اهداف: با شیوع پاندمی کووید-19 مهم­ترین توصیه­های سازمان جهانی بهداشت استفاده از ماسک و رعایت فاصله اجتماعی بود. اما ورزشکاران نگرانی­هایی در مورد بروز حوادث قلبی-عروقی در نتیجه استفاده از ماسک در زمان تمرینات ورزشی داشتند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تاثیر استفاده از دو نوع ماسک مختلف بر توان هوازی و بی هوازی پسران نوجوان ورزشکار بود.
روش‌ها‌: بدین منظور 30 ورزشکار فوتبالیست نوجوان (میانگین سن 8/2±17، میانگین قد 9/2±178 و نمایه جرم بدن 4/2±21) به صورت تصادفی به دو گروه ماسک سه لایه و ماسک سه بعدی تقسیم شدند. آزمون دوی نیمه استقامت و دوی سرعت را یک بار بدون استفاده از ماسک و یک بار با استفاده از ماسک اجرا کردند. در هر دو مرحله آزمون بلافاصله پس از دوی نیمه استقامت شاخص­های لاکتات خون، مقیاس درک فشار بورگ، ضربان قلب، فشار خون، درصد اشباع اکسیژن، اکسیژن عضله قلب و استقامت عضلانی ارزیابی شدند. از آزمون T مستقل جهت ارزیابی تغییرات بین گروهی و از آزمون T همبسته جهت بررسی تغییرات درون گروهی استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: تفاوت معنی­داری بین گروه­های ماسک سه لایه و ماسک سه بعدی در شاخص­های عملکردی (دوی نیمه استقامت، دوی سرعت، مقیاس درک فشار بورگ و استقامت عضلانی) و همچنین شاخص های فیزیولژیک (ضربان قلب، لاکتات خون، فشار خون، درصد اشباع اکسیژن، اکسیژن عضله قلب) مشاهده نشد (05/0 P<). با این وجود در نتیجه مقایسه­های درون­گروهی مشخص شد که استفاده از ماسک سه لایه و سه بعدی موجب افزایش معنی­داری لاکتات خون (به ترتیب، 025/0 P= و 012/0 P=) و مقیاس درک فشار بورگ (به ترتیب، 038/0 P= و 017/0 P=) شد. در مورد سایر شاخص­های پژوهش نیز تفاوت معنی­دار درون گروهی مشاهده نشد (05/0 P<).
نتیجه‌گیری: توصیه می­شود با تعدیل شدت تمرین و تغییر در سایر متغیرهای تمرین از جمله مدت و تکرار تمرین می­توان هم از مزایای استفاده از ماسک حین انجام فعالیت­های ورزشی در دوران کووید-19 و سایر شرایط مشابه همچون آلودگی هوا سود برد هم آمادگی جسمانی ورزشکار را حفظ کرده و بهبود داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of using two different types of masks on aerobic and anaerobic power of adolescent male athletes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kazhan Saeidpoor 1
  • Mohammad Talaeimoem 2
1 Collage Student of Exercising Physiology and Physical Education Teacher of Kurdistan Province
2 Collage Student of Exercising Physiology and Physical Education Teacher of Hamedan Province
چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives: With the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the most important recommendations of the World Health Organization were the use of masks and social distancing. But the athletes had concerns about the occurrence of cardiovascular events as a result of using masks during sports training. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of using two different types of masks on aerobic and anaerobic power of adolescent male athletes.
Methods: For this purpose, 30 adolescent male football players (average age 17±2.8, average height 178±2.9, and body mass index 21±2.4) were randomly divided into three-layer mask and three-dimensional mask groups. They performed the middle-distance and sprint running tests with and without using a mask. In both stages of the test, blood lactate indices, Borg rating of perceived exertion, heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation percentage, heart muscle oxygen and muscle endurance were evaluated immediately after middle-distance running. Independent T-test was used to evaluate between-group changes and Paired-sample T-test was used to evaluate within-group changes.
Findings: There is a significant difference between the three-layer mask and three-dimensional mask groups in the functional (middle-distance running, speed running Borg rating of perceived exertion and muscle endurance) and physiological indicators (heart rate, blood lactate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation percentage and muscle oxygen) were not observed (P<0.05). Nevertheless, as a result of within-group comparisons, it was found that the use of three-layer and three-dimensional masks caused a significant increase in blood lactate (respectively, P=0.025 and P=0.012) and Borg rating of perceived exertion (respectively, P=0.038 and P=0.017). Regarding other research indicators, no significant differences were observed within-group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It is recommended that by adjusting the intensity of training and changing other training variables, including the duration and frequency of training, it is possible to benefit from the benefits of using a mask while performing sports activities in the era of COVID-19 and other similar conditions such as air pollution, as well as Maintained and improved the athlete physical fitness.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • COVID-19
  • athlete
  • aerobic capacity
  • anaerobic capacity

مراجع

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مطالعات آموزش علوم ورزشی
دوره 2، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 7
دوره 2، شماره 4، زمستان 1403
دی 1403
صفحه 19-26

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