Determining the validity and reliability and standardization of Taekwondo skill tests

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Exercise Physiology Department, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University

2 Sport Management Department, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University

3 Sports Injuries and Corrective Exercises Department, Tehran University

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to standardize and determine the validity and reliability of Taekwondo skill tests.

Methods: By reviewing common skills and surveying elite coaches and athletes in this field, from all available tests, five previously designed by the author were selected to measure main skills. Then, to determine the reliability and content validity of the selected tests, 30 elite male taekwondo athletes of Piroozi Karaj Club were participated in this study and performed these selected tests in two phases by using the age of 20±2 years. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the reliability of the tests and based on the results of the competitions and the judgment of the coaches; content validity was determined by using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.

Results: The results showed that the correlation coefficients of three of the five selected tests were significant (P≤0.05).

Conclusion: Use of foot impact speed test (R=0.95 and V=0.75), hand impact strength (R=0.91 and V=0.81) and combined skill speed (eleven strokes) (R=0.88 and V=0.79), was found to be at an acceptable level of trust and confidence. Finally, five value norms have been developed for the three desired tests.

Keywords

Main Subjects


  1. [1] Chaabene H, Negra Y, Capranica L, Bouguezzi R, Hachana Y, Rouahi MA, Mkaouer B. Validity and reliability of a new test of planned agility in elite taekwondo athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2017;XX(X):1-6. doi:10.1519/JSC.0000000000002195.

     

    [2] Kaur H, Baldeena PK. Development of Taekwondo Skill Test for Sub Junior Boys. Int J Recent Technol Eng (IJRTE). 2019;8(2S3):1-3.

     

    [3] Tayech A, Mejri MA, Chaabene H, Chaouachi M, Behm DG, Chaouachi A. Test-retest reliability and criterion validity of a new Taekwondo Anaerobic Intermittent Kick Test. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2019;59(2):230-237. doi:10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08105-7.

     

    [4] Bridge CA, Jones MA, Drust B. Physiological responses and perceived exertion during international Taekwondo competition. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2009;4(4):485-493. doi:10.1123/ijspp.4.4.485.

     

    [5] Ribeiro AIS, Franchini E, Mesquita PHC, Ameral Junior PA, Albuquerque MR. Development and reliability of a kick test system for taekwondo athletes. IDO MOVEMENT FOR CULTURE. J Martial Arts Anthropology. 2020;20(4):31-39. doi:10.14589/ido.20.4.5.

     

    [6] Santos VGF, Franchini E, Lima-Silva AE. Relationship between attack and skipping in Taekwondo contests. J Strength Cond Res. 2011;25(6):1743-1751. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181ddfb0f.

     

    [7] Malcata RM, Hopkins WG. Variability of competitive performance of elite athletes: a systematic review. Sports Med. 2014;44(12):1763-1774. doi:10.1007/s40279-014-0239-x.

     

    [8] Tipton MJ, Milligan GS, Reilly TJ. Physiological employment standards I. Occupational fitness standards: objectively subjective? Eur J Appl Physiol. 2013;113(10):2435-2446. doi:10.1007/s00421-012-2569-4. PMID:23263741.

     

    [9] Zumbo BD, Rupp AA. Responsible modelling of measurement data for appropriate inferences: important advances in reliability and validity theory. In: The SAGE Handbook of Quantitative Methodology for the Social Sciences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Press; 2004:73-92.

     

    [10] Zumbo BD. Validity: Foundational issues and statistical methodology. In: Handbook of Statistics: Psychometrics. Vol 26. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier; 2007:45-79.

     

    [11] Kashaf M, Shalchi F. Assessment and evaluation in physical education. Faratehlil Publications. 2010;60-62. (in persian)

    1. Pyung Soo K, Palgue 1-2-3 of Tae Kwon Do Hyung. Black Belt Communications Publisher. 1983

     

    [12] Qarakhanlu R, Kordi MR, Gayini AA, Alizadeh MH, Va'ez-Mousavi SMK, Kashaf M. Assessment tests of physical, skill, and mental readiness of elite athletes in various sports disciplines. National Olympic Committee Publications. 2007;285-292. (in persian)

     

    [13] Sant’Ana J, Diefenthaeler F, Pupo JD, Detanico D, Guglielmo LGA, Santos SG. Anaerobic evaluation of Taekwondo athletes. Int SportMed J. 2014;15(4):492-499.

     

    [14] Bloemen MA, Takken T, Backx FJ, Vos M, Kruitwagen CL, de Groot JF. Validity and Reliability of Skill-Related Fitness Tests for Wheelchair-Using Youth With Spina Bifida. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2017 Jun;98(6):1097-1103. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2016.08.469. Epub 2016 Sep 12. PMID: 27633940.

     

    [15] Matsushigue KA, Hartmann K, Franchini E. Taekwondo: Physiological responses and match analysis. J Strength Cond Res. 2009;23(4):1112-1117. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a3c597.

     

    [16] Rezayi R, Baran Cheshme M, Mirzaei M. Design and determination of validity and reliability of physical readiness tests for the special ground forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Dofaslnameh-e Olum-e Varzeshi va Tavan-e Razm. 2020;1(1).(in persian)

     

    [17] Mahar MT, Rowe DA. Practical Guidelines for Valid and Reliable Youth Fitness Testing. Meas Phys Educ Exerc Sci. 2008;12:126-145. doi:10.1080/10913670802216106.

     

    [18] Kashaf M. Statistical methods in physical education. Faratehlil Publications. 2006;89-108. (in persian).